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Neural Control of Discrete Movement Segments

出版	Northwestern University, 2001
URL	http://books.google.com.hk/books?id=HYWNNwAACAAJ&hl=&source=gbs_api

註釋In order to understand better how the brain adaptively controls voluntary movements, this work examined human and monkey subjects performing a knob turning task, similar to tuning a radio dial. Subjects sometimes made these target-directed hand movements as a single, smooth motion, but often produced a series of discrete movement segments. The central mechanisms responsible for the production of discrete movement segments were investigated via three approaches: analysis of human kinematics, modeling the neuromusculoskeletal system, and single-unit recordings of Purkinje cells (PCs) in the cerebellum. A direct, objective algorithm was developed to detect when a movement was composed of multiple segments, and movements were separated into three segment types: primary movements, overlapping submovements, and delayed submovements. The kinematic properties of each of these segments were remarkably similar, suggesting they were generated by some common central process. Movements only became irregular and had shapes that differed from a bell-shaped velocity when they were made as a series of two or more overlapping segments. When torque perturbations were applied, the size and frequency of corrective submovements increased, but subsequently decreased as subjects adapted over time. As a result, the kinematics of the overall movement returned near normal.