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Secularism and State Policies Toward Religion
Ahmet T. Kuru
其他書名
The United States, France, and Turkey
出版
Cambridge University Press
, 2009-04-27
主題
Political Science / Comparative Politics
Political Science / Religion, Politics & State
Religion / General
Religion / History
Religion / Religion, Politics & State
Social Science / Customs & Traditions
Social Science / Sociology / General
Social Science / Sociology of Religion
ISBN
052151780X
9780521517805
URL
http://books.google.com.hk/books?id=UelQIS5mkGQC&hl=&source=gbs_api
EBook
SAMPLE
註釋
Why do secular states pursue different policies toward religion? This book provides a generalizable argument about the impact of ideological struggles on the public policy making process, as well as a state-religion regimes index of 197 countries. More specifically, it analyzes why American state policies are largely tolerant of religion, whereas French and Turkish policies generally prohibit its public visibility, as seen in their bans on Muslim headscarves. In the United States, the dominant ideology is "passive secularism," which requires the state to play a passive role, by allowing public visibility of religion. Dominant ideology in France and Turkey is "assertive secularism," which demands that the state play an assertive role in excluding religion from the public sphere. Passive and assertive secularism became dominant in these cases through certain historical processes, particularly the presence or absence of an ancien régime based on the marriage between monarchy and hegemonic religion during state-building periods.